2.7 References and further reading

How to use reference lists on this website

You will find that the vast majority of our references include a DOI number (indeed the complete DOI URL). The acronym DOI stands for Digital Object Identifier, which uniquely identifies where an electronic document (or other electronic object) can be found on the Internet and remains fixed. Other information about a document may change over time, including where to find it, but its DOI name will not change and will always direct you to the original electronic document. To access one of these references enter the DOI URL into your browser (or CLICK on the DOI acronym) and you will be taken to the document on the website of the original publisher. Almost always you will have free access to the abstract of the article, but if your institution maintains a subscription to the products of that publisher you may be able to download the complete text of the article. Save the downloaded document to your hard disk to build your own reprint collection.

For my own journal references I provide you with the full text of the article as a PDF file here - just CLICK on the PDF acronym at the end of the reference entry.

Text references

Acuña, G., Giral, R., Agosin, E., Jorquera, H., Pérez-Correa, R., Ferret, E., Molin P. & Thibault, J. (1998). A neural network estimator for total biomass of filamentous fungi growing on two dimensional solid substrate. Biotechnology Techniques, 12: 515-519. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1008895212814.

Adams, H.L. & Thomas, C.R. (1988). The use of image analysis for morphological measurements on filamentous microorganisms. Biotechnology and Bioengineering, 32: 707-712. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260320516.

Bartnicki-Garcia, S. (1973). Fundamental aspects of hyphal morphogenesis. Symposia of the Society of General Microbiology, 23: 245-267.

Bartnicki-Garcia, S., Hergert, F. & Gierz, G. (1989). Computer simulation of fungal morphogenesis and the mathematical basis for hyphal (tip) growth. Protoplasma, 153: 46-57. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01322464.

Bull, A.T. & Trinci, A.P.J. (1977). The physiology and metabolic control of fungal growth. In: Advances in Microbial Physiology, Vol 15 (eds A.H. Rose & D.W. Tempest), pp. 1-84. London: Academic Press. ISBN-10: 0120277158, ISBN-13: 978-0120277155. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0065-2911(08)60314-8.

Cohen, D. (1967). Computer simulation of biological pattern generation processes. Nature, 216: 246-248. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/216246a0.

Desgranges, C., Vergoignan, C., Georges, M. & Durand, A. (1991). Biomass estimation in solid state fermentation. I. Manual biochemical methods. Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, 35: 200-205. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00184686.

Desgranges, C., Georges, M., Vergoignan, C. & Durand, A. (1991). Biomass estimation in solid state fermentation. II. On-line measurements. Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, 35: 206-209. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00184687.

Edelstein, L. (1982). The propagation of fungal colonies: a model for tissue growth. Journal of Theoretical Biology, 98: 679-701. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0022-5193(82)90146-1.

Ferret, E., Siméon, J.H., Molin, P., Jorquera, H., Acuña G. & Giral R. (1999). Macroscopic growth of filamentous fungi on solid substrate explained by a microscopic approach. Biotechnology and Bioengineering, 65: 512-522. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1097-0290(19991205)65:5<512::AID-BIT3>3.0.CO;2-D.

Gierz, G. & Bartnicki-Garcia, S. (2001). A three-dimensional model of fungal morphogenesis based on the vesicle supply center concept. Journal of Theoretical Biology, 208: 151-164. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/jtbi.2000.2209.

Gull, K. (1975). Mycelium branch patterns of Thamnidium elegans. Transactions of the British Mycological Society, 64: 321-324.
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/ 10.1016/S0007-1536(75)80119-7.

Hammad, F., Watling, R. & Moore, D. (1993). Artifacts in video measurements cause growth curves to advance in steps. Journal of Microbiological Methods, 18: 113-117. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0167-7012(93)90027-F. PDF

Horton, R.E. (1945). Erosional development of streams and their drainage basins: hydrophysical approach to quantitative morphometry. Bulletin of the Geographical Society of America, 56: 275-370. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/0016-7606(1945)56[275:EDOSAT]2.0.CO;2.

Hutchinson, S.A., Sharma, P., Clarke, K.R. & MacDonald, I. (1980). Control of hyphal orientation in colonies of Mucor hiemalis. Transactions of the British Mycological Society, 75: 177-191. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0007-1536(80)80078-7.

Ikasari, L. & Mitchell, D.A. (2000). Two-phase model of the kinetics of growth of Rhizopus oligosporus in membrane culture. Biotechnology and Bioengineering, 68: 619-627. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1097-0290(20000620)68:6<619::AID-BIT4>3.0.CO;2-E.

Indermitte, C., Liebling, T.M. & Clémençon, H. (1994). Culture analysis and external interaction models of mycelial growth. Bulletin of Mathematical Biology, 56: 633-664. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0092-8240(05)80307-6.

Jackson, S.L. (2001). Do hyphae pulse as they grow? New Phytologist, 151: 556-560. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.0028-646x.2001.00228.x.

Jones, C.L., Lonergan, G.T. & Mainwaring, D.E. (1993). A rapid method for the fractal analysis of fungal colony growth using image processing. Binary Computing in Microbiology, 5: 171-180.

Katz, D., Goldstein, D. & Rosenberger, R.F. (1972). Model for branch initiation in Aspergillus nidulans based on measurements of growth parameters. Journal of Bacteriology, 109: 1097-1100. DOI: http://jb.asm.org/cgi/content/abstract/109/3/1097.

Koch, K.L. (1975). The kinetics of mycelial growth. Journal of General Microbiology, 89: 209-216. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/00221287-89-2-209.

Leopold, L.B. (1971). Trees and streams: the efficiency of branching patterns. Journal of Theoretical Biology, 31: 339-354. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0022-5193(71)90192-5.

Matsuura, S. & Miyazima, S. (1992). Self-affine fractal growth front of Aspergillus oryzae. Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, 191: 30-34. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0378-4371(92)90501-G.

Matsuura, S. & Miyazima, S. (1993). Colony of the fungus Aspergillus oryzae and self-affine fractal geometry of growth fronts. Fractals, 1: 11-19. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/S0218348X93000046.

Meškauskas, A., McNulty, L. J. & Moore, D. (2004a). Concerted regulation of all hyphal tips generates fungal fruit body structures: experiments with computer visualisations produced by a new mathematical model of hyphal growth. Mycological Research, 108: 341-353. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0953756204009670. PDF

Meškauskas, A., Fricker, M. D. & Moore, D. (2004b). Simulating colonial growth of fungi with the Neighbour-Sensing model of hyphal growth. Mycological Research, 108: 1241-1256. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0953756204001261. PDF

Money, N.P. (2001). The pulse of the machine - reevaluating tip-growth methodology. New Phytologist, 151: 553-555. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.0028-646x.2001.00243.x.

Monod, J. (1949).  The growth of bacterial cultures. Annual Review of Microbiology, 3: 371-394. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.mi.03.100149.002103.

Obert, M., Pfeifer, P. & Sernetz, M. (1990). Microbial growth patterns described by fractal geometry. Journal of Bacteriology, 172: 1180-1185. DOI: http://jb.asm.org/cgi/content/abstract/172/3/1180.

Pirt, S.J. (1967). A kinetic study of the mode of growth surface colonies of bacteria and fungi. Journal of General Microbiology, 47: 181-197. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/ 10.1099/00221287-47-2-181.

Prosser, J.I. & Trinci, A.P.J. (1979). A model for hyphal growth and branching. Journal of General Microbiology, 111: 153-164. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/ 10.1099/00221287-111-1-153.

Riquelme, M., Bartnicki-García, S. González-Prieto, J.M., Sánchez-León, E., Verdín-Ramos, J.A., Beltrán-Aguilar, A. & Freitag, M. (2007). Spitzenkörper localization and intracellular traffic of green fluorescent protein-labeled CHS-3 and CHS-6 chitin synthases in living hyphae of Neurospora crassa. Eukaryotic Cell, 6: 1853–1864. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/EC.00088-07.

Ritz, K. & Crawford, J. (1990). Quantification of the fractal nature of colonies of Trichoderma viride. Mycological Research, 94: 1138-1152. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0953-7562(09)81346-4.

Robinson, P.M. (1973a). Chemotropism in fungi. Transactions of the British Mycological Society, 61: p. 303-313. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0007-1536(73)80153-6.

Robinson, P.M. (1973b). Autotropism in fungal spores and hyphae. Botanical Review, 39: 367-384. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02859161.

Steele, G.C. & Trinci, A.P.J. (1975). The extension zone of mycelial hyphae. New Phytologist, 75: 583-587. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-8137.1975.tb01424.x.

Trinci, A.P.J. (1971). Influence of the width of the peripheral growth zone on the radial growth rate of fungal colonies. Journal of General Microbiology, 67: 325-344. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/ 10.1099/00221287-67-3-325.

Trinci, A.P.J. (1974). A study of the kinetics of hyphal extension and branch initiation of fungal mycelia. Journal of General Microbiology, 81: 225-236. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/00221287-81-1-225.

Trinci, A.P.J., Saunders, P.T. Gosrani, R. & Campbell, K.A.S. (1979). Spiral growth of mycelial and reproductive hyphae. Transactions of the British Mycological Society, 73: 283-292. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0007-1536(79)80113-8.

Trinci, A.P.J., Wiebe, M.G. & Robson, G.D. (1994). The mycelium as an integrated entity. In: The Mycota vol. I (eds. J.G.H. Wessels & F. Meinhardt), pp. 175-193. Berlin, Germany: Springer-Verlag. ISBN-10: 3540577815, ISBN-13: 978-3540577812.
 
Trinci, A.P.J., Wiebe, M.G. & Robson, G.D. (2001). Hyphal growth. In: Encyclopaedia of Life Sciences. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/npg.els.0000367.

Viniegra-González, G., Saucedo-Castañeda, G., López-Isunza, F. & Favela-Torres, E. (1993). Symmetric branching model for the kinetics of mycelial growth. Biotechnology and Bioengineering, 42: 1-10. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260420102.

Yang, H., King, R., Reichl, U. & Gilles, E.D. (1992a). Mathematical model for apical growth, septation, and branching of mycelial microorganisms. Biotechnology and Bioengineering, 39: 49-58. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260390109.

Yang, H., Reichl, U., King, R. & Gilles, E.D. (1992b). Measurement and simulation of the morphological development of filamentous microorganisms. Biotechnology and Bioengineering, 39: 44–48. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260390108.

Additional reading

Boswell, G.P. (2008). Modelling mycelial networks in structured environments. Mycological Research, 112: 1015-1025. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mycres.2008.02.006.

Boswell, G.P., Jacobs, H., Gadd, G.M., Ritz, K. & Davidson, F.A. (2003). A mathematical approach to studying fungal mycelia. Mycologist, 17: 165-171. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0269915X04004033.

Chang, F. (2001). Establishment of a cellular axis in fission yeast. Trends in Genetics, 17: 273-278. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0168-9525(01)02279-X.

Davidson, F.A. (2007). Mathematical modelling of mycelia: a question of scale. Fungal Biology Reviews, 21: 30-41. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fbr.2007.02.005.

Davies, J.A. (2006). Branching Morphogenesis. Austin, TX: Landes Bioscience Publishing/Eurekah.com. ISBN-10: 0387256156, ISBN-13: 978-0387256153.
 
Falconer, R.E., Bown, J.A., White, N.A. & Crawford, J.W. (2005). Biomass recycling and the origin of phenotype in fungal mycelia. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London, series B, 272: 1727–1734. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2005.3150.

Fiddy, C. & Trinci, A.P.J. (1976). Mitosis, septation and the duplication cycle in Aspergillus nidulans. Journal of General Microbiology, 97: 169-184. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/00221287-97-2-169.

Goriely, A. & Tabor, M. (2008). Mathematical modeling of hyphal tip growth. Fungal Biology Reviews, 22: 77-83. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fbr.2008.05.001.

Moore, D., McNulty L.J. & Meškauskas, A. (2004). Branching in fungal hyphae and fungal tissues: growing mycelia in a desktop computer. In: Branching Morphogenesis (ed. J. Davies) pp. 75-90. Austin, TX: Landes Bioscience Publishing/Eurekah.com. ISBN-10: 0387256156, ISBN-13: 978-0387256153. PDF
 
Oliver, S.G. & Trinci, A.P.J. (1985). Modes of growth of bacteria and fungi. In: Comprehensive Biotechnology: The Principles, Applications and Regulations of Biotechnology in Industry, Agriculture and Medicine (ed M. Moo-Young). Volume 2, The Principles of Biotechnology: Engineering Considerations (eds. C.L. Cooney & A.E. Humphrey) pp. 159-187. Oxford, UK: Pergamon Press. ISBN-10: 0080325106, ISBN-13: 978-0080325101.
 
Prosser, J.I. (1990). Growth of fungal branching systems. Mycologist, 4: 60-65. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0269-915X(09)80533-8.

Prosser, J.I. (1995a). Kinetics of filamentous growth and branching. In: The Growing Fungus (eds N.A.R. Gow & G.M. Gadd), pp. 301-318. London: Chapman & Hall. ISBN-10: 0412466007, ISBN-13: 978-0412466007.
 
Prosser, J.I. (1995b). Mathematical modelling of fungal growth. In: The Growing Fungus (eds N.A.R. Gow & G.M. Gadd), pp. 319-335. London: Chapman & Hall. ISBN-10: 0412466007, ISBN-13: 978-0412466007.

Read, N.D., Fleissner, A., Roca, M.G. & Glass, N.L. (2010). Hyphal fusion. In: Cellular and Molecular Biology of Filamentous Fungi (eds. K. A. Borkovich & D. J. Ebbole), pp. 260-273. Washington, DC: American Society for Microbiology Press. ISBN-10: 1555814735, ISBN-13: 978-1555814731.

Rees, B., Shepherd, V.A. & Ashford, A.E. (1994). Presence of a motile tubular vacuole system in different phyla of fungi. Mycological Research, 98: 985-992. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0953-7562(09)80423-1.

Richards, A., Veses, V. & Gow, N.A.R. (2010). Vacuole dynamics in fungi. Fungal Biology Reviews, 24: 93-105. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fbr.2010.04.002.
 
Rittenour, W.R., Si, H. & Harris, S.D. (2009). Hyphal morphogenesis in Aspergillus nidulans. Fungal Biology Reviews, 23: 20-29. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fbr.2009.08.001.

Steele, G.C. & Trinci, A.P.J. (1975). Morphology and growth kinetics of hyphae of differentiated and undifferentiated mycelia of Neurospora crassa. Journal of General Microbiology, 91: 362-368. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/00221287-91-2-362.

Steinberg, G. (2000). The cellular roles of molecular motors in fungi. Trends in Microbiology, 8: 162-168. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0966-842X(00)01720-0.

Steinberg, G. (2007a). Preparing the way: fungal motors in microtubule organization. Trends in Microbiology, 15: 14-21. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tim.2006.11.007.

Steinberg, G. (2007b). Hyphal growth: a tale of motors, lipids, and the Spitzenkörper. Eukaryotic Cell, 6: 351-360. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/EC.00381-06.

Steinberg, G. & Schuster, M. (2011). The dynamic fungal cell. Fungal Biology Reviews, 25:  14-37. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fbr.2011.01.008.

Trinci, A.P.J. (1969). A kinetic study of the growth of Aspergillus nidulans and other fungi. Journal of General Microbiology, 57: 11-24. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/00221287-57-1-11.
   
Trinci, A.P.J. (1979). The duplication cycle. In: Fungal Walls and Hyphal Growth (eds J. H. Burnett & A.P.J. Trinci), pp. 319-358. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press. ISBN-10: 0521224993, ISBN-13: 978-0521224994.
 
Zhuang, X., Tlalka, M., Davies, D.S., Allaway, W.G., Watkinson, S.C. & Ashford, A.E. (2009). Spitzenkörper, vacuoles, ring-like structures, and mitochondria of Phanerochaete velutina hyphal tips visualized with carboxy-DFFDA, CMAC and DiOC6(3). Mycological Research, 113: 417-431. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mycres.2008.11.014.

Updated December 7, 2016