21st Century Guidebook to Fungi, SECOND EDITION, by  David Moore, Geoffrey D. Robson and Anthony P. J. Trinci

Table of Contents

1. Chapter 4: Hyphal cell biology and growth on solid substrates
2. Chapter 5: Fungal cell biology
   1. Mechanisms of mycelial growth
   2. The fungus as a model eukaryote
   3. The essentials of cell structure
   4. Subcellular components of eukaryotic cells
   5. The nucleus
   6. The nucleolus and nuclear import and export
   7. Nuclear genetics
   8. Mitotic nuclear division
   9. Meiotic nuclear division
   10. mRNA translation and protein sorting
   11. The endomembrane systems
   12. Cytoskeletal systems
   13. Molecular motors
   14. Plasma membrane and signalling pathways
   15. Fungal cell wall
   16. Cell biology of the hyphal apex
   17. Hyphal fusions and mycelial interconnections
   18. Cytokinesis and septation
   19. Yeast-mycelial dimorphism
   20. Chapter 5 References and further reading about the cell cycle
   21. Buy a PDF of Chapter 5
3. Chapter 6: Structure and synthesis of fungal cell walls

Chapter 5: Fungal cell biology

Events at the hyphal tip are crucial to the extension of the hypha; so it is vital that we describe the molecular processes taking place in the hyphal tip as far as we can, and this is the main purpose of this chapter.

In this chapter we will give you a complete outline of eukaryotic cell biology with emphasis on how fungal cells work and how the cell biology contributes to mycelial growth. Because they are eukaryotes that are easy to cultivate in the laboratory, several fungi have been adopted as model organisms for experimentation and we will show how yeasts, in particular, have been used in this way since the 19th century. We discuss the essentials of cell structure in some detail, emphasising the molecular biology of the nucleus, nucleolus, nuclear import and export, and mRNA translation and protein sorting. We also briefly cover nuclear genetics and mitotic and meiotic nuclear division. The plasma membrane and signalling pathways, and endomembrane systems, cytoskeletal systems and molecular motors form major topics because directed and rapid transport of materials needed for hyphal tip extension is a crucial and characteristic feature of highly polarised filamentous growth. Other features of cell biology that are specific to fungi include the fungal cell wall, the cell biology of the hyphal apex, the nature of hyphal fusions and mycelial interconnections, the meaning of cytokinesis in fungi, and septation and the yeast-mycelial dimorphism.

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Updated July, 2019